Are THC Gummies Federally Legal?

Today, we will dive into the federal legality of THC gummies and edibles within the United States. Before we get started, here are the article highlights so you can get the short answer, before the explanation!

KEY HIGHLIGHTS!

THC gummy federal legality depends on the source of the THC compound: Hemp-based THC gummies are legal (with requirements), but marijuana-based THC gummies are not.
Federal laws are clear, but state laws vary: Each state has its own rules about THC gummies, making the legal situation complicated.
Updates and future changes in federal and state laws: New federal policies and acts, like the Hemp Advancement Act, could affect the future legality of THC gummies.

LET’S GET GUMMY WITH IT!

What Are THC Gummies?

THC gummies are edible candies infused with tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the psychoactive compound found in cannabis plants. They come in various flavors, shapes, and potencies and can be derived from either marijuana or hemp plants.

The critical legal difference between the two types of THC gummies lies in their THC concentration and the specific cannabis plant they were made from.

The Cannabis Plants and Their Compounds Within: How They Affect Their Federal Legal Status

Cannabis is a genus of flowering plants that consists of four primary species: Cannabis Sativa, Cannabis sativa L., Cannabis Indica, and Cannabis Ruderalis.

These plants have been used for centuries for various purposes, such as for their fibers, oils, and medicinal properties.

“So, how does this pertain to federal laws and regulations?”

I’ll tell you!

Cannabis Sativa, Cannabis sativa L., Cannabis Indica, and Cannabis Ruderalis all belong to the same genus, Cannabis, and belong to the Cannabaceae family.

How this pertains to the federal law and legality of THC gummies is whether or not the THC content used to make the edibles came from a marijuana plant or a hemp plant.

More directly, the distinction the government cares about lies in the chemical composition and concentration of Delta-9 THC within the final THC Edible product.

If you’re still a little confused, doubt worry, the next part will undoubtedly clear the marijuana smoke!

Hemp-Derived THC Gummies

Hemp plants, or Industrial Hemp Plants, are Cannabis Sativa L. plants. They are further characterized by having 0.3% or less Delta-9 THC content by dry weight.

You will see that percentage over and over throughout this article (0.3% or less Delta-9 THC).

Hemp-derived THC gummies became federally legal with the passing of the 2018 Farm Bill, which legalized industrial hemp and its derivatives as long as they contain no more than 0.3% Delta-9 THC on a dry weight basis.

However, the legality of hemp-derived THC gummies varies by state. Some states have explicitly banned Delta-8 THC products, while others have no specific regulations regarding their sale and use.

So, it’s imperative to research your particular state’s laws before purchasing or consuming hemp-derived THC gummies.

Marijuana-Derived THC Gummies

Marijuana plants can fall into Cannabis Sativa, Cannabis Indica, or Cannabis Ruderalis plants, but they cannot fall into Cannabis Sativa L. plants.

The reason is that these plants have been selectively bred for higher Delta-9 THC content, typically more than 0.3% by dry weight, and more so in the ranges of 10%-25% Delta-9 THC.

Marijuana-derived THC gummies are considered federally illegal under the Controlled Substances Act, which classifies marijuana as a Schedule I substance.

This classification means that marijuana-derived gummies are prohibited at the federal level, regardless of state laws.

Despite federal prohibition, several states have legalized marijuana for either medical or recreational use or both!

However, many states have legalized marijuana for medical and/or recreational use, creating a complex legal landscape that varies from one state to the next.

Summary Of Hemp vs. Marijuana Gummies

The legal distinction between marijuana and hemp THC gummies is based on the Delta-9 THC concentration and the plant it was derived from.

Federally Legal = Hemp THC gummies.
These derive their THC content from Cannabis Sativa L. plants, contain no more than 0.3% Delta-9 THC and can be shipped nationwide unless an updated state-specific bill expresses otherwise.

Federally Illegal = Marijuana THC gummies.
These derive their THC content from either Cannabis Sativa, Cannabis Indica, or Cannabis Ruderalis, but never Cannabis Sativa L. plants, have a Delta-9 THC concentration above 0.3%, and can NEVER be shipped over state lines.

The Compounds Found In Hemp

The cannabis plant contains over 100 active cannabinoids, and each compound interacts differently with our bodies producing various effects.

Two of the most well-known cannabinoids are tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). THC is the psychoactive and psychotropic compound responsible for the “high” associated with marijuana use, while CBD is a non-psychotropic compound that has gained popularity for its potential health benefits.

THC, however, can be broken down into several other high-inducing compounds like Delta-8 THC, Delta-9 THC, and Delta-10 THC, with a few others unnamed, and THIS is where the loophole comes into play.

The Loophole Within The Law

Federal laws, the passed acts and bills, and specific regulations (which we discuss in the following section) specifically mention and focus on Delta-9 THC without any mention or restriction regarding the other compounds that cause euphoric-like high effects.

To the majority of most THC gummy brands, No mention = no restriction!

And that, ladies and gentlemen, is the LOOPHOLE!

The 2018 Farm Bill legalized industrial hemp and its derivatives (the other compounds/cannabinoids), including CBD and Delta-8 THC, as long as they contain no more than 0.3% Delta-9 THC.

Let’s dive a little deeper for a more precise explanation…

Delta-8 THC and Delta-9 THC

D8 and D9 gummies are the two most popular types of THC gummies.

While THC is often used as a catch-all term, it’s crucial to differentiate between these two primary forms of THC.

Delta-9 THC is the most common form found in the cannabis plant and is the primary psychoactive compound responsible for the intoxicating effects. On the other hand, Delta-8 THC is a less abundant and less potent version of THC, with the psychoactive effects generally considered to be milder than those of Delta-9 THC.

Innovation Expands The Edible Gummy Industry

The cannabis industry has capitalized on this grey area within the law and has grown the edible industry exponentially by learning how to extract particular cannabinoids from hemp plants to offer a broader range of THC products, from smokable flower, vapes, and concentrates to edibles like THC gummies.

All Categories Of Edible Gummies That Fall Within The Loophole

Here are some other high-inducing gummies that are now available to be bought online since the Delta-9 THC concentration is never compromised:

Understanding the differences between these cannabinoids and their legal status under federal and local state laws is essential for anyone interested in purchasing THC gummies online.

The Acts, Agencies, & Bills You Should Know About

First up, the CSA!

Controlled Substances Act and the 2018 Farm Bill

At the federal level, the Controlled Substances Act (CSA) classifies marijuana and Delta-9 THC as Schedule I substances.

And get this…

To be considered a Schedule I controlled substance, it means the following two things:

Marijuana has a high potential for abuse.
Marijuana has no currently accepted medicinal value.

The 2018 Farm Bill, also known as the Agriculture Improvement Act, was signed into law by Donald J. Trump. It removed industrial hemp plants and products from the list of controlled substances and legalized its production.

Since removing hemp and its derivatives from the controlled substances list, the widespread production and sale of hemp-derived CBD, THC, and Delta-8 THC predominant products have flourished, creating the modern-day Gold Rush, now called the Green Rush.

DEA, FDA, and Other Federal Agencies

Get ready because here come the Alphabet Boys (and girls):

DEA (Drug Enforcement Administration)
FDA (Food and Drug Administration)

Both of these agencies regulate THC products at the federal level. While the DEA focuses on enforcing the CSA (Controlled Substances Act), the FDA is responsible for ensuring the efficacy and safety of drugs by regulating the marketing and labeling of consumer products containing THC.

Source: FDA and Cannabis: Research and Drug Approval Process | FDA https://www.fda.gov/news-events/public-health-focus/fda-and-cannabis-research-and-drug-approval-process

Delta-8 THC’s legality is a hot topic. While some say it’s allowed because of the 2018 Farm Bill, the DEA and FDA have thrown a curveball, calling it a controlled substance. This has stirred up a whole mess for businesses selling THC gummies and other Delta-8 items.

But you know what? Regardless of what the FDA has said before, they’ve recently handed the reins over to Congress on this issue.

Hemp Advancement Act of 2022

The Hemp Advancement Act of 2022 aims to clear up the legal fog surrounding some hemp-derived products, which could impact THC gummies’ federal legality. The act is all about safety and labeling for hemp-based products. But it’s still hanging out in Congress, so who knows how it will affect THC gummies.

With the law ever-changing, businesses and customers alike need to keep their eyes peeled for any regulatory shifts that could impact THC gummies.

Source: H.R.6645 – 117th Congress (2021-2022): Hemp Advancement Act of 2022 | Congress.gov | Library of Congress https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/6645/text

Possible Federal Policy Tweaks

As more states hop on the marijuana legalization train and people’s opinions change, there might be some federal policy updates about marijuana-derived THC gummies. But until anything concrete happens, it’s vital to know the legal ins and outs and be careful with THC gummies.

State Laws and Their Differences

Federal law sets the stage for THC rules, but state laws can be all over the place. Some states are cool with medical and recreational Cannabis, while others are only okay with medical use or don’t allow it at all.

This mishmash of state laws can cause headaches for consumers and businesses, especially when it comes to THC gummies.

Take California and Colorado, for example. They’ve legalized recreational marijuana use, so adults can buy and enjoy THC gummies. But in states like Texas and Mississippi, their marijuana laws are super strict, and having THC gummies could land you in hot water.

It’s crucial for consumers and businesses to know their state’s THC gummy laws, as breaking them could lead to fines, criminal charges, or even a stint behind bars.

Worries About Public Health and Safety

With more folks munching on THC gummies and other cannabis edibles, public health and safety concerns have popped up.

Here are some big worries:

Gummy shapes that might appeal to kids could lead to accidental ingestion.
Driving while high on THC can mess with reaction time and coordination.

To tackle these issues, some states and regulatory agencies have laid down strict packaging and labeling rules for THC gummies and other cannabis goodies. These guidelines help make sure people know what they’re getting into with THC gummies and the potential risks involved.

FAQ

Go through the questions below to check if we already have a solution for your problem

What form of THC is federally legal?

Hemp-derived THC. However, the total Delta-9 THC concentration of the final product must be 0.3% or under to be federally legal.

What states are edible gummies legal in?

Edible gummies are legal in states where recreational marijuana use is allowed, such as California, New York, and Colorado. Please see our state-by-state laws and regulations article to learn more.

Are CBD gummies illegal for federal employees?

Pure CBD gummies are not illegal for federal employees. However, some CBD gummies are Full Spectrum Hemp extracts which contain trace amounts of THC. These specific types of THC gummies are not allowed.

What's the most THC allowed in THC gummies?

For THC gummies made from hemp plants, <0.3% Delta 9-THC on a dry-weight basis per gummy. For THC gummies made marijuana plants, the highest THC concentration permitted is 200mg of Delta 9-THC per gummy container.

How do I calculate 0.3% D9-THC on a dry weight basis?

Follow these four steps to calculate 0.3% Delta-9 THC on a dry weight basis:

Get a digital scale and set it to weigh milligrams.
Weigh the raw THC product only, no packaging.
Multiply the weight by o.3% (o.003).
The result is 0.3% Delta-9 THC on a dry weight basis (the highest number of milligrams legally allowed).

Can I travel with THC gummies over state lines?

Traveling with marijuana-extracted THC gummies over state lines is NEVER recommended. However, traveling with hemp-extracted THC gummies is legal, but you must only travel through states that don’t conflict with the Farm Bill of 2018.

Learn more: Can you fly with THC gummies?

Is it legal to buy edibles online in the USA?

Some states with legal adult-use or medical marijuana laws allow online purchases from licensed dispensaries for in-state delivery. Hemp THC gummies are available for sale online, but state laws may interfere with the federal law.

Learn more: How To Legally Buy Edibles Online

How does law enforcement handle THC gummies?

Law enforcement’s approach to THC gummies varies by state and local jurisdiction. In states where marijuana is legal, law enforcement focuses on ensuring compliance with regulations. In states where marijuana is illegal, possession of THC gummies may result in criminal charges.

Learn more here: What Happens If You Get Caught With Edibles.

Can medical cannabis patients purchase THC gummies online?

Medical marijuana-infused gummies cannot be bought online at the federal level. However, a medical marijuana patient CAN buy hemp-infused edibles online unless their state forbids it.

Final Advice

The federal legality of THC gummies is a complex issue that depends on the specific type of THC, the source of the product, and the applicable state laws.

While the 2018 Farm Bill legalized industrial hemp and paved the way for a booming CBD market, the legal status of Delta-8 THC and THC gummies remains uncertain.

As regulations continue to evolve, both businesses and consumers must stay informed to navigate the ever-changing landscape of cannabis laws and regulations.

CONCLUSION: Are THC Gummies Federally Legal?

Marijuana THC Gummies are federally illegal, but Hemp THC Gummies are federally legal; however, they must meet the following requirements:

The THC compound infused into the gummy must be extracted from an Industrial Hemp plant and not from a marijuana plant.
The total Delta-9 THC concentration per gummy must be 0.3% and under.

You should have everything you need, if not, visit our THC Laws, Legalities, and Regulations page for more edible and THC gummy legal information.

What are your thoughts on the current legal status of THC gummies? Leave a comment below or ask any questions you may have about the article. Subscribe to our newsletter to be alerted on our next flash THC edible sale AND when we publish new articles, just like this one!

Are THC Gummies Federally Legal?

Christopher Visser